Encode and Decode TinyURL

Problem Statement

Note: This is a companion problem to the System Design problem: Design TinyURL.

TinyURL is a URL shortening service where you enter a URL such as https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl and it returns a short URL such as http://tinyurl.com/4e9iAk. Design a class to encode a URL and decode a tiny URL.

There is no restriction on how your encode/decode algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a URL can be encoded to a tiny URL and the tiny URL can be decoded to the original URL.

Implement the Solution class:

• Solution() Initializes the object of the system.
• String encode(String longUrl) Returns a tiny URL for the given longUrl.
• String decode(String shortUrl) Returns the original long URL for the given shortUrl. It is guaranteed that the given shortUrl was encoded by the same object.

Leetcode Link

Example 1:

Input: url = "https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl"
Output: "https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl"

Explanation:
Solution obj = new Solution();
string tiny = obj.encode(url); // returns the encoded tiny url.
string ans = obj.decode(tiny); // returns the original url after deconding it.

Constraints:

• 1 <= url.length <= 10⁴
• url is guranteed to be a valid URL.

Code

Python Code

class Codec:
    codeDB, urlDB = defaultdict(), defaultdict()
    chars = string.ascii_letters + string.digits

    def getCode(self) -> str:
        code = ''.join(random.choice(self.chars) for i in range(6))
        return "http://tinyurl.com/" + code

    def encode(self, longUrl: str) -> str:
        if longUrl in self.urlDB: return self.urlDB[longUrl]
        code = self.getCode()
        while code in self.codeDB: code = getCode()
        self.codeDB[code] = longUrl
        self.urlDB[longUrl] = code
        return code

    def decode(self, shortUrl: str) -> str:
        return self.codeDB[shortUrl]

C++

class Solution {
public:
    unordered_map<string, string> codeDB, urlDB;
    const string chars = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";

    string getCode() {
        string code = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) code += chars[rand() % 62];
        return "http://tinyurl.com/" + code;
    }

    string encode(string longUrl) {
        if (urlDB.find(longUrl) != urlDB.end()) return urlDB[longUrl];
        string code = getCode();
        while (codeDB.find(code) != codeDB.end()) code = getCode();
        codeDB[code] = longUrl;
        urlDB[longUrl] = code;
        return code;
    }

    string decode(string shortUrl) {
        return codeDB[shortUrl];
    }
};